Fig. 2

Quantifying distances between atomic planes. a Distances between Sr atomic planes in different directions. Showing how finding the distance between atomic planes is straightforward for the [001] and [110] directions, but not for the [111] direction. b Calculating displacement (D) from a centrosymmetric position between atomic columns, here shown on oxygen columns. The inset shows how the distance difference is calculated for oxygen atoms in the [001]-direction for an LFO film. The distance to the next (N) and previous (P) atom is calculated, as shown with the green and red double headed arrows