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Table 1 Overview of the different experimental conditions: diameter of the ZOB on the HFPP film, HFPP film temperature, and phase shift \(\varphi_{\text{PP}} \left( 0 \right)\) after 30 s (case A) and 150 s (cases B and C)

From: Investigation of hole-free phase plate performance in transmission electron microscopy under different operation conditions by experiments and simulations

Case A

Case B

Case C

Small ZOB (100 nm)

Small ZOB (100 nm)

Large ZOB (250 nm)

25 °C

200 °C

25 °C

3Ï€

− 0.8π

− 3.5π